COMPANIES COMPLIANCE FACILITATION SCHEME, 2026 (CCFS-2026)
COMMENTS ON INDIAN COMPANY LAW
In this column , I will discuss important company law case laws and intricacies surrounding the interpretation of Indian Company Law.
Followers of my Blog
Tuesday, February 24, 2026
Monday, February 23, 2026
SEBI FINED INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS ₹10 LAKHS EACH, IN THE LEEL ELECTRICALS CASE-I AM NOT A FINANCE EXPERT" IS NOT A DEFENSE SAYS SEBI
SEBI FINED INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS ₹10 LAKHS EACH, IN THE LEEL ELECTRICALS CASE-I AM NOT A FINANCE EXPERT" IS NOT A DEFENSE SAYS SEBI
LEEL ELECTRICALS VS SEBI
BACKGROUND
LEEL Electricals sold its consumer durable business to Havells India in
2017 for ₹1,550 crore. Complaints later alleged diversion of funds and misuse
of sale proceeds. A forensic audit revealed irregularities.
INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR’S DEFENSE
They were retired professionals (a doctor, an Air Force officer) who
claimed they didn't understand the complex financial jugglery.
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS’ ROLE:
SEBI found that the independent directors did not act diligently in
overseeing financial transactions and protecting shareholder interests.
FIDUCIARY DUTY:
SEBI stated that as independent directors, they had a fundamental
fiduciary duty to safeguard the interests of minority shareholders. By failing
to exercise due diligence, ask probing questions, and raise red flags during a
period of significant financial misconduct, they had neglected their core
responsibilities.
PENALTY:
Each was fined ₹10 lakhs for negligence in fulfilling their
responsibilities.
WHY THIS MATTERS
SEBI’S RULING WAS RUTHLESS BUT CLEAR:
If you don't understand the accounts, you shouldn't be on the Audit
Committee.
Resigning
after the fact didn't save them.
• SEBI is signaling that
independent directors cannot be passive. Their role is not ceremonial — they
are expected to actively monitor, question, and ensure compliance.
• The case underscores that ignorance
or lack of expertise is not a defense. Independent directors must seek
professional advice if needed, but they cannot abdicate responsibility.
• It sets a precedent: Regulators
will hold directors accountable for lapses in governance, even if they are not
directly involved in fraud.
WAKE-UP CALL
This ruling is a wake-up call for corporate boards in India — independent
directors are guardians of governance, not figureheads.
In addition to the independent directors, SEBI also imposed heavy fines
and market bans on the company's promoter and other key managerial personnel
for their roles in the fraud.
YOUR COMPLIANCE PARTNER – R V SECKAR FCS ,LLB 79047 19295
PROPOSED CSR AMENDMENTS UNDER THE NEW COMPANIES AMENDMENT BILL LIKELY TO BE TABLED IN MARCH 2026
PROPOSED CSR AMENDMENTS UNDER THE NEW COMPANIES AMENDMENT BILL LIKELY TO BE TABLED IN MARCH 2026
OVERVIEW OF THE PROPOSED CSR AMENDMENTS UNDER THE UPCOMING COMPANIES
AMENDMENT BILL EXPECTED IN MARCH 2026
KEY PROPOSED CSR CHANGES
• Lower thresholds for CSR
applicability
· Mandatory inclusion in company's CSR Committee of at
least one director with "extensive experience" in planning and
implementing CSR projects
- · Change in the CSR Reporting Format
WHAT IS THE NEW CHANGE ?
|
ASPECT |
CURRENT LAW (PRE-2026) |
PROPOSED AMENDMENT (2026) |
|
NET WORTH THRESHOLD |
₹500 crore |
₹100 crore |
|
TURNOVER THRESHOLD |
₹1,000 crore |
₹500 crore |
|
NET PROFIT THRESHOLD |
₹5 crore |
₹3 crore |
|
CSR COMMITTEE REQUIREMENT |
Only large companies |
Expanded to mid-sized
firms |
|
REPORTING & COMPLIANCE |
Basic disclosures |
Stricter, standardized,
impact-focused |
IMPLICATIONS FOR COMPANIES
|
BROADER COVERAGE: |
Mid-sized firms will now
be required to set up CSR Committees. |
|
HIGHER ACCOUNTABILITY |
Listed companies face
tighter scrutiny on CSR disclosures. |
|
OPERATIONAL IMPACT: |
Firms may need to
restructure CSR budgets and governance frameworks. |
MANDATORY CSR EXPERTISE ON THE BOARD
Currently, the law dictates the size and independence of a CSR Committee, but it does not require the members to have specific background knowledge. The new Bill introduces a strict qualitative governance requirement:
|
THE EXPERT DIRECTOR: |
The CSR Committee must now
include at least one director with extensive experience and expertise in
planning and implementing CSR projects. |
|
THE OBJECTIVE: |
This ensures CSR is
treated as a strategic, outcome-oriented function rather than a basic capital
allocation or a peripheral compliance exercise. |
CASE STUDIES ON NEW AMENMENT IMPACT THE BOTTOM LINE OF THE
COMPANIES
KRM AYURVEDA:
· In FY24, the company reported a Net Profit of ₹3.41
crore (with a turnover of ₹67.57 crore and net worth of ₹11.78 crore).
|
Current Law: |
Fails to meet the ₹5 crore
profit trigger. No CSR liability is generated for the subsequent year based
on FY24 performance. |
|
Proposed Law: |
Crosses the new ₹3 crore
trigger. This would immediately mandate the formation of a CSR committee and
a legal obligation to deploy funds. |
RODEC PHARMA:
While Rodec reported a healthy FY25 Profit After Tax (PAT) of ₹18.25
crore, looking back at its earlier growth phases reveals a similar story.
In FY22, its PAT was ₹4.60 crore.
Under the current Companies Act, it skirted the mandate. Under the proposed
amendments, it would have been required to implement CSR protocols years
earlier.
PROJECTED FINANCIAL IMPACT & OBLIGATION CALCULATION
If a
company like KRM Ayurveda triggers the mandate under the new ₹3 crore baseline,
the actual monetary spend is calculated as 2% of the average net profits of the
preceding three financial years.
Let's
project KRM Ayurveda's CSR liability using their historical data:
HISTORICAL PAT
FY23 (₹7.60
cr) + FY24 (₹3.41 cr) + FY25 (₹12.10 cr)
Average Net
Profit (3 Years): ₹23.11 crore / 3 = ₹7.70 crore
Mandatory
2% CSR Spend: ₹7.70 crore x 2% = ₹15.4 Lakhs
RODEC PHARMA
For Rodec Pharma, utilizing their recent data (FY23: ₹5.68 cr, FY24:
₹11.61 cr, FY25: ₹18.25 cr), the 3-year average sits at ₹11.84 crore, yielding
a mandatory annual CSR spend of approximately ₹23.6 Lakhs.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
The lower thresholds mean CSR will no longer be limited to India’s
largest corporates. Mid-sized firms across IT, manufacturing, and retail will
need to institutionalize CSR governance.
For industries like healthcare and finance, the amendments push CSR
toward measurable, impact-driven initiatives rather than token contributions.
YOUR COMPLIANCE PARTNER – R V SECKAR FCS ,LLB 79047 19295
Saturday, February 21, 2026
CENTRE ACCORDS ROCs MORE POWERS TO REDUCE THE WORKLOAD OF NCLTs
CENTRE ACCORDS ROCs MORE POWERS TO REDUCE THE WORKLOAD OF NCLTs
EFFECTIVE FROM FEBRUARY 16, 2026
The Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA) has officially empowered
Registrars of Companies (RoCs) with adjudication powers. This move, effective
from February 16, 2026, designates RoCs as Adjudicating Officers under Section
454 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Section 76A of the LLP Act.
KEY HIGHLIGHTS
|
ADJUDICATION POWERS: |
RoCs can now conduct
inquiries and impose monetary penalties on companies and LLPs for statutory
non-compliances. |
|
REDUCED BURDEN ON NCLT: |
The step is aimed at
easing the heavy caseload of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT). |
|
DECRIMINALIZATION OF DEFAULTS |
By shifting adjudication
to RoCs, minor defaults are expected to be handled more efficiently without
escalating to tribunals. |
|
REVISED FRAMEWORK: |
The new notification
supersedes earlier ones (2015 and 2019), creating a more structured
jurisdictional framework for adjudication. |
WHY THIS MATTERS
FOR BUSINESSES:
Faster resolution of compliance issues, fewer delays, and reduced
litigation costs.
FOR REGULATORS:
Streamlined enforcement and better
access through expanded regional directorates.
FOR GOVERNANCE:
Strengthens corporate accountability while promoting ease of doing
business.
NOT APPLICABLE SERIOUS FRAUD OR
CRIMINAL MATTERS
The new MCA notification has clarified the scope of violations that Registrars of Companies (RoCs) can now adjudicate under Section 454 of the Companies Act, 2013. These are generally procedural and compliance-related defaults, not serious fraud or criminal matters.
|
CATEGORY |
EXAMPLES OF VIOLATIONS |
REMARKS |
|
FILING & DISCLOSURE
LAPSES |
Delay in filing annual
returns (MGT-7), financial statements (AOC-4), or other statutory forms |
These are among the most
frequent defaults handled by RoCs |
|
REGISTERED OFFICE
COMPLIANCE |
Not maintaining a registered
office or failing to notify change of address |
Penalties have already
been imposed in past adjudication orders |
|
BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP |
Non-disclosure of
Significant Beneficial Ownership (SBO |
RoCs have issued penalty
orders for lapses in SBO filings |
|
CORPORATE SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) |
Failure to spend or
disclose CSR contributions properly |
Treated as a compliance
lapse, not a criminal offence |
|
Board & Governance
Defaults |
Non-appointment of key
managerial personnel (KMP), failure to hold board meetings as required |
These are adjudicated as
monetary penalties |
|
LLP Act Violations |
Delay in filing LLP
returns, non-compliance with LLP agreements |
Covered under Section 76A
of the LLP Act |
WHAT ROCS DO NOT HANDLE
• Fraud, misrepresentation, or
serious offences → These remain under NCLT or special courts.
• Matters requiring judicial interpretation → Still handled by tribunals.
EXAMPLES OF ROC PENALTY ORDERS (2025–2026)
|
DATE & ROC |
COMPANY |
VIOLATION |
PENALTY IMPOSED |
|
14 Oct 2025 – ROC Delhi |
Hexafun
Private Limited (Order ID: PO/ADJ/10-2025/DL/00771) |
Violation of Section 42(10) of the Companies Act,
2013 (related to private placement procedures) |
Monetary penalty under Section 454 adjudication
powers |
|
05 Feb 2025 – ROC Guwahati |
Moonlight Associates Limited |
Failure to file Annual Returns (Section 92) for
multiple years (FY 2014–15 to 2021–22) |
Penalties ranging from ₹90,000 to ₹2,10,000 per
year on the company; ₹60,000 per year on one director |
BREAKDOWN
OF THE MOST COMMON PENALTY RANGES IMPOSED BY REGISTRARS OF COMPANIES (ROCS)
UNDER THEIR ADJUDICATION POWERS:
|
Violation Type |
Section |
Penalty Range (Company) |
Penalty Range (Officers/Directors |
|
Delay in filing Annual Return (MGT-7) |
Sec. 92 |
₹50,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
₹25,000 – ₹50,000 |
|
Delay in filing Financial Statements (AOC-4) |
Sec. 137 |
₹50,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
₹25,000 – ₹50,000 |
|
Registered Office non-compliance |
Sec. 12 |
₹1,00,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
₹25,000 – ₹50,000 |
|
Significant Beneficial Ownership (SBO) lapses |
Sec. 90 |
₹1,00,000 – ₹5,00,000 |
₹25,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
|
CSR non-compliance |
Sec. 135 |
₹50,000 – ₹25,00,000 |
₹25,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
|
Private Placement lapses |
Sec. 42 |
₹10,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
₹10,000 – ₹50,000 |
CONCLUDING THOUGHTS
· In FY 2024–25 alone, over 1,150 adjudication orders
were issued by RoCs across India.
· ROCs now can handle first-level enforcement, aiming to
cut NCLT backlogs.
· Empowering ROCs will likely result in them playing a
bigger role –rather than just administrative work-to dispose off cases faster,
reduce the burden on the NCLT, decriminalize offenses and facilitate ease of
doing business.
· MCA has increased RD offices from 7 to 10 covering Ahmadabad,
Bengaluru and Chandigarh which will make adjudication easier.
· Dual reforms enhance adjudication capacity, reduce
jurisdictional confusion.
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