Whether uploading an incorrect Excel file in financial statements constitutes a revision under Section 131 of the Companies Act 2013?

 Whether uploading an incorrect Excel file in financial statements constitutes a revision under Section 131 of the Companies Act 2013?

WRONG EXCEL UPLOADED IS AN ADMINISTRATIVE, NOT SUBSTANTIVE REVISION UNDER SECTION 131 COMPANIES ACT: NCLT DELHI

NCLT vs P & R INFRA PROJECTS LIMITED

P & R INFRA PROJECTS FILED GNL‑2 WITH THE ROC SEEKING CANCELLATION OF THE EARLIER FILING OF AOC-4  AND, WHEN NO ACTION FOLLOWED, APPROACHED THE NCLT UNDER SECTION 131 FOR PERMISSION TO REVISE THE FINANCIAL  STATEMENTS.

KEY ISSUE:

Whether uploading an incorrect Excel file in financial statements constitutes a revision under Section 131 of the Companies Act 2013?

FACTS OF THE CASE

P & R Infraprojects, a public limited company engaged in real estate development, had filed its audited financial statements for FY 2021‑22 with the Registrar of Companies (RoC), Delhi, on 19 December 2022.

INCORRECT EXCEL FILE

Subsequently, the company discovered that an incorrect Excel file had been converted into XBRL format and uploaded with the AOC‑4 e‑form instead of the audited statements approved by shareholders at the AGM.

FORM GNL‑2

The error caused discrepancies in key figures, including reserves, borrowings, liabilities, turnover, expenses, and profit. The company filed Form GNL‑2 with the RoC seeking cancellation of the earlier filing and, when no action followed, approached the NCLT under Section 131 for permission to revise the statements.

“FAIR AND TRUE VIEW”

The company argued the mistake prevented its financial statements from presenting a “fair and true view” as required under Section 129 and asserted that the error was bona fide.

THE REGIONAL DIRECTOR

The Regional Director acknowledged the discrepancies and suggested the NCLT could approve the petition if the company provided a certificate from its statutory auditor. The company subsequently filed the auditor's certificate confirming the correct figures.

SECTION 131 ALLOWS VOLUNTARY REVISION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Section 131, which applies only to:

·      Errors in financial statements or Board’s report that are material in nature

·      Requiring Tribunal approval for revision

The Bench clarified that Section 131 allows voluntary revision of financial statements or board reports only when they do not comply with Sections 129 or 134, and only once per financial year. It emphasized that the provision is intended for substantive revisions, not for correcting clerical errors in electronic filings:

SECTION 131 CANNOT BE INVOKED

“The present case is not one where the company intends to revise its financial statements or report. It is a case of wrongly/inadvertently uploaded AOC‑4 XBRL. In fact, the company by mistake has uploaded a wrong Excel sheet and we are of the view that for correcting the same, Section 131 cannot be invoked.”

ROC FOR RECTIFICATION

Because the mistake was deemed an administrative issue rather than a statutory revision of the financial records, the NCLT concluded that invoking Section 131 was the wrong legal mechanism.

Accordingly, the NCLT directed the company to approach the RoC for rectification, noting the matter is administrative, and disposed of the petition.

# YOUR COMPLIANCE PARTNER R V SECKAR, FCS, LLB 79047 19295,